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Religion of the Wolof
What is Islam
Islam is the world's second largest
religion with a following of over one billion people called Muslims.
The word "Islam" actually means "submission to
God." Therefore, a Muslim is one who strives to submit to God.
WHERE IS ISLAM FOUND? Islam
has spread across the entire globe. Muslims can be found in North
and South America as well as in Western Europe, but they are
predominately found in Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Their
predominant homelands lie in the area commonly referred to as the
"10/40 Window" (between 10 degrees latitudinal north and
40 degrees latitudinal north ranging from the eastern side of North
Africa to the western side of Asia). About 60% of Muslims are Asian.
The regional breakdown of Muslims in the rest of the world is Arab
world, 22%; sub-Sahara African, 12%; Eastern Europe, 5%. The rest
are scattered through the world.
WHEN DID ISLAM BEGIN, AND WHO
FOUNDED IT? Islam was founded in 600 A.D. by a man named
Mohammed. During Mohammed's time, polytheism reigned. His people
were worshipping multiple gods. During one of Mohammed's trips as a
trader, he had a vision from a being he perceived to be an angel who
said, "There is only one God, and His name is Allah. Worship
Him."
WHAT IS THEIR HOLY BOOK?
Just as Christians have the Bible, Muslims have the Quran. They
believe the Quran was dictated to Mohammed by God through the angel
Gabriel. Muslims are also told in the Quran to read three other holy
books: the Torah (which are the first five books of the Old
Testament), the Zabur (which are the Psalms of David), and the
Injeel (the gospel of Christ).
WHERE DO THEY MEET? Muslims
around the world gather on Fridays in mosques. Mosques are buildings
where men (and sometimes women, depending upon the country) pray to
God. In a mosque during prayer time, all Muslims face toward Mecca,
the birthplace of Islam, where Mohammed had his vision. Where men
and women pray together, usually the men are in the front and women
in the back.
WHAT DO MUSLIMS BELIEVE IN?
Muslims believe in one God, whose name in Arabic is Allah. They
believe in good and bad angels. They believe in Satan, as well. All
believe in a Day of Judgment on which God will send people to either
heaven or hell. They acknowledge that God has sent many prophets to
earth, including Adam, Abraham, Moses, David many of the Christian
holy men. They also believe that Ishmael (the father of the Arab
world), not Isaac, received the promise from God through Abraham;
this helps to explain why Arab Muslims feel that their claim to the
Holy Land is a God-given right.
IT SOUNDS AS THOUGH ISLAM IS
MUCH LIKE CHRISTIANITY. IS THIS TRUE? Although the two religions
share some terminology and even some theology (such as God is One),
Islam is fundamentally different from Christianity. Islam is a
works-oriented religion, while Christian faith is based on salvation
by grace through faith as a result of the shed blood of Christ. In
Islam, if God wants to forgive sin, He simply says, "It is
forgiven." Christianity recognizes the necessity of the
shedding of blood for the forgiveness of sin. (Hebrews 9:22)
WHAT DO MUSLIMS THINK ABOUT
JESUS? All Muslims believe Jesus was born of a virgin and that
he was a great prophet--yet he was only a man. They believe he was
sent by God to help people obey God. Islam claims Jesus spoke as a
baby, healed the sick, and raised the dead. The Quran refers to
Jesus as the breath of God, the spirit of God, the life of God and
the word of God. Muslims do not think Jesus died on the cross. They
believe that right before he was to be killed, God took him up to
heaven and someone else (probably Judas) replaced him on the cross.
They trust that Jesus will return to the earth again to usher in the
final judgment from God and confirm that Islam is the true and final
religion for all mankind. (Yes, Muslims believe in the second coming
of Christ!)
HOW DO MUSLIMS THINK THEY ARE
SAVED? As a works-oriented religion, Islam requires that its
adherents earn their way to heaven by performing the five pillars of
the faith. (1) Say the confession of faith. A Muslim must confess,
"There is no God but Allah and Mohammed is the prophet of
God." (2) Pray. Muslims are supposed to pray five times a day:
shortly before sunrise, mid-morning, noon, mid-afternoon, and after
sunset. (3) Give alms. Muslims are to give about 2.5 percent of
their wealth. (4) Fast during Ramadan. For one lunar month, from
sunrise to sunset, Muslims are not to allow anything to pass down
their throat. (Theoretically, a good Muslim would even spit out his
or her saliva.) Then from sunset to sunrise, they are permitted to
eat as little or as much as they want. This is their way of
developing discipline and relating to the poor. (Travelers, young
children and pregnant or nursing mothers do not need to keep the
fast.) (5) Make a pilgrimage to Mecca. Every Muslim who is
financially able is supposed to travel to the birthplace of Islam
once in his or her lifetime.
DO MUSLIMS HAVE ANY GUARANTEE OF
SALVATION? Muslims have no guarantee of being saved. They will
tell you that you have a good angel on one shoulder and a bad angel
on the other shoulder. These angels are keeping tabs of your good
and bad works. On Judgment Day, if your bad works outweigh your good
works, you are going to go to hell. But if your good works outweigh
your bad works, you'll probably go to heaven. (Since God is
all-powerful, they concede that He may do with you as He pleases,
even if you have been very righteous. They hope He won't be having a
"bad day" at Judgment.) A third possibility is that you
could go to hell and burn your sins off for a while and then be
allowed into heaven. The only way Muslims can be guaranteed to go to
heaven is through "jihad." Although it is often translated
"holy war," "jihad" literally means
"exerting force for God." One could be in
"jihad" by writing a book about Islam, or by sharing his
faith to bring others to Islam, or by physically fighting for the
cause of Islam. If a Muslim dies in "jihad," he is
guaranteed to go to heaven.
IS ISLAM GROWING? Yes, Islam
is growing at an annual rate of about 3 percent. In 1900 Muslims
comprised about 12.4 percent of the world's population. By the year
2000, estimates put the figure at about 21.5 percent of the world's
population. This growth is largely due to biological expansion;
Muslims usually have large families.
DOES ISLAM VARY? Yes, Islam
varies greatly around the world. Although Muslims take pains to
describe themselves as members of the brotherhood of "one
religion," the Islam practiced in Indonesia is very different
than the Islam practiced in Saudi Arabia, which is different from
that in Kazakhastan, or Iran, or Morocco.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
SHI'ITE ISLAM AND SUNNI ISLAM? The difference between these two
major sects is that they disagree about the legitimate successors of
Mohammed. About 85 percent of all Muslims are Sunni and only 10
percent of the Muslim world is Shi'ite. (The remaining 5 percent are
affiliated with other, minor sects.)
ARE ALL MUSLIMS RADICALS?
No. Although Shi'ites tend to be more radical, the average Muslim is
like the average Christian. They know enough to call themselves
Muslims, but basically they are materialistic, want a good job, and
hope to live a good comfortable life.
DO MUSLIMS UNDERSTAND WHAT
CHRISTIANITY IS ALL ABOUT? The average Muslim around the world
has a tremendous misunderstanding of Christianity. This is largely
due to fact that their only understanding of Christianity comes from
movies and television shows such as "90210,"
"Dallas," "Dynasty," etc. Because they believe
America is a Christian nation, they assume everything that comes out
of America is Christian.
HOW DO THEY VIEW CHRISTIANITY?
Muslims think Christians believe in three gods: God the Father, God
the Son, and God the Mother (Mary). They believe that Christians and
Jews have changed the Bible; therefore, although the Quran
acknowledges the Gospel of Christ, the Torah of Moses and the Psalms
of David, the existing copies can't be trusted. In any case, they
are all superseded by the Quran. Because of pornography from the
West and the Western media, they equate Christianity with free sex,
drugs, alcohol, rape, divorce ... all the evils of the West. This
misconception confirms their belief that Islam is the true and final
religion for all mankind.
IS MUCH BEING DONE TO BRING
MUSLIMS TO THE ONE TRUE GOD THROUGH CHRIST? Although in recent
years there has been a tremendous increase in the number of
Christians working among Muslims, much has yet to be done. In North
Africa, there is still roughly one missionary for every two million
Muslims. In northern India, it is roughly one missionary for every
five million Muslims. Globally, it averages out to be one missionary
for every one million Muslims.
WHY IS IT SO HARD TO HELP
MUSLIMS COME TO KNOW CHRIST? The factors that hold a Muslim to
his religion are usually only about 10 percent theological and 90
percent cultural. Muslims have to fit into a larger group of people
in order to feel secure and "belong." This could be an
extended family, a network of friends, etc. In this
"community" (the Muslim term for this is, "umma")
there is tremendous security and safety. If they ever lose their
job, no problem! Their "community" will help them out
until a new job is found. When Muslims are confronted with the
claims of Christ, they may know it to be truth, but they are more
worried about leaving their "community" than they are
about not having the truth. Muslims need to first find a
"community" of Christians that they can belong to before
they will leave their "community" of Muslims. And in most
Muslim areas, there are no acceptable Christian
"communities," which makes it very difficult for Muslims
to follow Christ.
ARE MUSLIMS COMING TO KNOW
CHRIST? Absolutely Yes! More Muslims have come to faith in
Christ since 1970 than in the entire previous history of outreach to
the Muslim world. God is doing a new work among Muslims as He writes
a new chapter in the history of His church.
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